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Redistricting in Massachusetts
From Ballotpedia
| Massachusetts | |
 | |
| General Information | |
| Process: | Legislative Authority |
| Deadline: | Before 2012 Election |
| Total Seats to be Drawn | |
| Congress: | 9 |
| State Senate: | 40 |
| State House: | 160 |
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Contents |
Update: John Olver has announced he will resign from Congress in 2012. The state legislative maps were released in late October 2011 and approved by committee on October 25, 2011.[1][2]
Process
In Massachusetts, the legislature has jurisdiction over state and Congressional redistricting.
Leadership
2011
Stanley Rosenberg (D) will lead the Senate redistricting efforts. Representative Michael Moran (D) will oversee House efforts.[3]
The 2011 special joint committee on redistricting has been named. There are 7 senators and 21 representatives on the committee.
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House Members: |
Redistricting Committee
On February 10, 2011 the Senate voted 32-4 to create a 28-member committee to be charged with redistricting. The committee would be made up of 28 legislators -- 23 Democrats and 5 Republicans. The bill now goes to the House for approval.[4]
On March 2, 2011, the House passed the legislation to establish the redistricting committee. The vote was 121-31.[5] The vote was along party lines, as all Republican members voted against the legislation.[6] Concurrently, House members defeated a Republican-sponsored amendment to establish an independent redistricting commission. "If you look at a map today, the congressional districts make no regional sense," said representative Paul Frost (R).[7]
In mid-March the official committee was named, consisting of 28 total members.[8] "Looking at the map, clearly they were gerrymandered to help specific legislators. The committee's goal is to rectify that situation," said Brad Hill (R), a member of the redistricting committee.[9]
First Committee Hearing
On March 16, the Joint Redistricting Committee held its first official meeting at the State House.[10] The schedule for public hearings and new website were unveiled.[11] Also at the meeting, the committee heard testimony from legal experts on redistricting laws.[12] "It’s no secret ... that those of us on the Republican side wanted to use a process other than the one that has been laid out. But the process that has been laid out today and going forward is different than the process that has been used in the past, and I would say different in a positive way," said Bradley Jones, Jr. (R), a member of the committee.[13]
Census results
The population in the Bay State increased 3.1 percent over the past decade, bringing the state's population to 6,547,629. The increase was below the national average of 9.7 percent.[14] Massachusetts will lose one seat in the U.S. House of Representatives, falling from 10 to 9 as a result of the census data.[15] Each new Congressional district will need to have 727,514 constituents.[16]
U.S. House Representative John Tierney is confident that his district -- the 6th Congressional District -- will not be merged with another existing district.[17]
Barney Frank announced he will not retire -- continuing speculation that two Congressional incumbents will be forced to be drawn into the same district.[18] Census data points to the possibility that Western Massachusetts could be the location that loses out when the legislature chooses a district to remove from the Congressional delegation. U.S. House Representative John Olver's 1st District had population gains of only 1.65 percent in the past decade, the slowest of all 10 districts.[19]
At the end of July 2011, the redistricting committee received new precinct population data from the Secretary of State. There are 2,151 precincts with an average of 3,043 residents per precinct.[20]
City/County population changes
Massachusetts received its population counts on March 22, 2011. These tables show the change in population in the five largest cities and counties in Massachusetts from 2000-2010.[21]
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Congressional maps
With the state losing one Congressional seat, and all 10 current representatives indicating a desire to run again in 2012, the map-drawing process will likely get messy. "It’s an intensely political process, and I think it’s going to be quite personal. You can already see the jockeying that’s going on," said Marty Linsky, public policy professor at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government.[22]
The 10 elected Congressional officials in 2011 are:
- District 1: John Olver
- District 2: Richard Neal
- District 3: Jim McGovern
- District 4: Barney Frank
- District 5: Niki Tsongas
- District 6: John Tierney
- District 7: Ed Markey
- District 8: Michael Capuano
- District 9: Stephen Lynch
- District 10: William Keating
The 10 officials each staunchly defended the maintenance of their current district. Some early statements from the legislators:
- Tsongas and Tierney are confident they will retain their districts because of population growth in their respective counties.[23]
- A regional coalition -- the Congressional Redistricting Working Group -- has formed to fight for the preservation of the 6th Congressional district. The coalition includes the North Shore Alliance for Economic Development and two former State House reps.[24]
- Congressman Tierney said Lynn -- a city in the 6th District -- serves an important role as a "gateway community" and would suffer if moved to a different district. The Lynn Area Chamber of Commerce (LACC) is also advocating for the preservation of Lynn in the 6th District.[25] A June 20 meeting is being held in Lynn to gather input from citizens. The LACC is pushing residents to attend in large figures, to outweigh the poor turnout evidenced in other meetings across the state. "Our goal is to make sure that Lynn stays in the Sixth District. Without Lynn, the Sixth District will fall apart because Lynn has the highest population north of Boston," said Ralph Sevinor, chairman of the Lynn Area Chamber of Commerce board of directors.[26]
- Fair Districts Massachusetts -- a nonpartisan group of voters -- unveiled two proposed scenarios in May 2011. The first map would consolidate Western Massachusetts Congressmen Richard Neal and John Olver into one large district.[27] The other proposal would place four incumbents in two districts -- Michael Capuano and Barney Frank into one district; and Stephen Lynch and William Keating in the other.[28] According to Jack Robinson, the group's founder, the proposed maps would increase voter power and implement the first majority-minority district in state history.[29]
- A meeting in Berkshire County on June 11, 2011 drew testimony from 35 residents -- the largest turnout to that point. The county is represented by John Olver. Residents urged the committee to keep two representatives in Western Massachusetts.[30]
Congressional Delegation Involvement
All 10 Massachusetts U.S. House representatives in 2010 are Democrats. With one seat lost after the census, there has been controversy over which two incumbents will be drawn into the same district. No incumbent has yet hinted at retiring, which would simplify the process for map drawers. Historically, when Massachusetts has lost a seat, one sitting incumbent opted to retire.[31]
Representative Michael Moran (D), chairman of the House redistricting committee, visited Washington D.C. in early February to discuss the redistricting plans with the current delegation.[32] While in the nation's capital, Moran planned a fundraiser which was subsequently canceled when objections were raised regarding the timing of the event.[33][34] Moran responded to criticism from the chairman of the Massachusetts state Republican party, arguing that the redistricting process has been one of the most "transparent and inclusive processes that has ever been done. "Rather than criticizing the process, I would encourage this Jenn Nassour, or whatever her name is, to take part in the process," Moran said.[35]
Additionally, Moran visited western Massachusetts to meet with Richard Neal and John Olver. Senator Stanley Rosenberg (D), who traveled with Moran, said the trip allows the committee to learn about "new communities of interest" since redistricting last took place.[36]
On June 29, 2011, U.S. House Representatives Michael Capuano and Stephen Lynch each traveled to Boston to personally meet with the two power-brokers in redistricting -- State House rep Michael Moran (D) and State senator Stanley Rosenberg (D), co-chairs of the redistricting committee. [37]
North Shore Task Force
Two former U.S. House representatives are supporting the 6th Congressional District in an effort to prevent it from being removed during redistricting. Michael Harrington (D) and Peter Torkildsen (R) both represented the North Shore in Washington D.C. They will co-chair a Congressional Redistricting Working Group that will defend the area's representation and current breakdown. "What role will politics play? My answer — 100 percent," Harrington said. The district has a current population of about 656,000. With an ideal district size of 727,000, the 6th Congressional District would need to absorb some surrounding communities.[39]
Western Massachusetts
U.S. Representatives John Olver and Richard Neal represent the more rural and geographically large regions of Western Massachusetts. Local officials stressed to the Joint Redistricting Committee that Olver and Neal are among the most influential legislators in Washington. During public forums, residents have expressed fear that the elimination of one of the two Western districts would marginalize the importance of that part of the state. The two districts would need to pick up roughly 70,000 to 80,000 more residents to reach the ideal population.[40] "I ask you that you fight like hell to make sure that Western Massachusetts has two congressional districts," said Stephen Brewer, Democratic Senator from Barre. Neal has served in Congress for 23 years, while Olver for 20. Olver's district has displayed the slowest growth of any [[Massachusetts] district -- only 1.65 percent -- since 2000.[41]
Congressman James McGovern also testified to the Joint Redistricting Committee in favor of maintaining two Western districts. McGovern also vouched for keeping his district largely in tact, despite the geographic differences of some of his towns like Fall River and Worcester. "I would be lying if I said it would not be painful to lose any of the cities and towns I have represented for the last 14 years," McGovern said.[42]
Majority-Minority District
Currently, all 10 Massachusetts members of the U.S. House of Representatives are Caucasian. U.S. Senator Scott Brown on April 27, 2011 announced his support for the creation of a majority-minority district in Boston. Last decade's redistricting resulted in a court decision that the new maps had violated the Voting Rights Act by diluting minority voting power. "It is my hope that any redistricting for congressional or state legislative seats will result in districts that avoid diluting the voting strength of citizens based on the color of their skin," Brown wrote in a letter to senator Stanley Rosenberg and representative Michael Moran, the Democratic leaders of the legislature's redistricting process.[43]
Brown's announcement was criticized by one political science professor as a partisan move to pack liberal voters in one district, in order to increase the chances that a Republican might get elected in another district.[44] Jack Robinson -- who lost in the Republican primary to Brown in 2009 -- also announced in March 2011 his support for the creation of a majority-minority district in Boston.[45].
Keating vs. Lynch speculation
In August 2011, state house rep and redistricting chair Michael Moran (D) hinted that it will be Lynch and Keating that are paired off in one district. Lynch and Keating represent the 9th and 10th Congressional districts, respectively.[46] Moran said:
"I think the people who are talking that way are probably getting that from -- we have five Congressmen that sit in very powerful positions. We have a woman in Niki Tsongas; we have the Eighth Congressional District, which is the majority minority district. So if you take all those, and you consider those are the ones we have to keep, you’re left with Congressman Lynch, Congressman Keating and Congressman Tierney. And just by geography, Congressman Lynch and Congressman Keating seem to be the two that have to run against – if you use that as the principles. So that I think is where that is coming from."[47]
Olver announces retirement
On October 26, 2011, U.S. House representative John Olver announced that he would retire from Congress at the end of his term in 2012. His announcement ended months of speculation over which two incumbents would be mashed into one district.[48]
As a result, western Massachusetts residents now expect there will be only one district for their geographic part of the state. "It would squash the voices of all of the smaller cities along the 1st Massachusetts’ corridor. Good God, Worcester? What connection does Pittsfield, Massachusetts have to Worcester?" said Pittsfield Mayor James M. Ruberto[49]
Map released
On November 7, 2011, state legislative leaders finally released the draft map for the nine U.S. House districts in Massachusetts. The new map put incumbents Stephen Lynch (D) and Bill Keating (D) into one district along the coast. However, Keating, who has a second home in Cape Cod, said he would move to that house in order to avoid a primary race with Lynch. That district was drawn with no current incumbent -- thus, setting the stage for all nine current incumbents to safely run for re-election in 2012. The new map also has the state's first majority-minority district, currently represented by Michael Capuano (D).[50]
Republicans hope to put up a formidable challenge to incumbent John Tierney (D) in a district that voted heavily for Scott Brown (R) in 2010. Former state senator Richard Tisei (R) announced he will challenge Tierney in 2012. Meanwhile, another former state senator, Andrea Nuciforo (D), said she will enter the Democratic primary against incumbent Richard Neal in western Massachusetts.[51]
On November 10, 2011, the map was passed out of committee and set for a final vote on November 15, 2011.[52] On November 15, 2011, the State Senate approved the Congressional map by a vote of 31-6. The day before the state house approved the map with a 122-29 vote.[53] Republicans had proposed an alternate map during floor debates but was defeated on a party-line vote.[54]
Map signed
On November 21, 2011, Governor Deval Patrick (D) signed the new map into law.[55]
Legislative maps
Splitting Communities
Some interests across the state have pushed to minimalize having multiple representatives for one town or district -- both at the state and Congressional level. For example, Randolph currently has three state representatives. Their town council voted 7-2 to request having only one state representative.[56] Representative Steven Levy (R) expressed a similar viewpoint concerning U.S. House seats. In particular, he noted that the 3rd Congressional District -- currently occupied by Jim McGovern -- starts in the middle of Massachusetts in Worcester and streaks down all the way to Fall River at the Rhode Island border. Levy said a district's communities should have similar interests -- both commercial and economic.[57] However, McGovern defended the district's layout. "I love the district I have. I've gotten to know the communities and the people. It's kind of part of my extended family."[57]
Latino-majority districts
At the June 13, 2011 redistricting committee hearing in Lawrence, a citizens group offered a proposal to legislators that would create additional Latino majority-minority districts in the Massachusetts General Court. The Dominican American National Roundtable offered a version of the maps that would alter the districts currently held by Senators Barry Finegold (D) and Steven Baddour (D). The proposal would move Lawrence from Finegold's district to Baddour's. The two House district proposals would create two Lawrence-based districts each with more than 70 percent of the population composed of Latino voters. Lawrence is the New England's most Latino city.[58]
Majority-minority districts
- Representative Moran said that four Boston-based districts will need to absorb more communities to increase their population to meet the new requirements. The four districts are represented by Martin Walsh, Linda Forry, Carlos Henriquez and Russell Holmes. Each district will require about 2,000 residents in order to keep up with faster growth in other districts across the state.[59]
- A coalition of advocacy groups that has been actively calling for a fair map-drawing process voiced their opinion in Massachusetts on legislative maps in October 2011. The groups urged state lawmakers to create at least eight new majority-minority legislative districts, as well as maintaining at least one majority-minority Congressional district.[60]
State house map
Rumors are that a state House plan could emerge as soon as October 11. Candidates must establish residency before November 2011 in order to run in 2012 elections for state house. State representative Ellen Story (D) said she thinks a number of people will have to move based on population shifts and the new map. The deadline is not as relevant to Senate candidates, who only need to live within their district by election day -- unlike the one-year in advance rule for state house candidates.[61]
Draft released
On October 18, 2011, the state legislature released draft state Senate and state House maps. There are a number of changes to the maps. Among those are:
- The new maps would increase the number of majority-minority districts in the State Senate from two to three and from 10 to 20 in the State House.[62]
- The 10th Suffolk District, 14th Suffolk District, and 15th Suffolk District juggled some voting precincts. Those three districts are currently represented by Edward Coppinger (D), Angelo Scaccia (D) and Jeffrey Sanchez (D), respectively.[63]
- Bradley Jones, Jr. (R) will now represent all of Lynnfield, assuming part of a district currently occupied by Donald Wong (R).[64]
- Two freshmen Democrats and two freshmen Republicans were put into districts that would have created likely primaries between incumbents. Paul Mark (D) and Gailanne Cariddi (D) were placed in one district while Jim Lyons (R) and Paul Adams (R) would be placed into the 18th Essex District. However, Adams and Mark said they intend to move before the November 6 residency deadline in order to qualify for incumbent-free districts in Berkshire and Essex counties.[65]
- State Senator Patricia Jehlen (D) would no longer represent all of Winchester. Half of the town would be added to a district current represented by Katherine Clark (D).[66]
- The town of Lexington would be consolidated into one House district. Currently it is split between Tom Stanley (D) and Jay Kaufman (D). Under the proposed map, all of Lexington would be in the 15th Middlesex District, which is represented by Kaufman.[67]
Committee approved
The maps were approved by committee on October 25, 2011.[2]
Public input
There are expected to be a minimum of 12 public hearings held across the state. Additionally, an interactive website is planned for release in March.[68] According to Moran, the "people's voice is best heard with the vote."[69] Moran indicated that hearings will hopefully be completed by June, at which point the map-drawing process would begin. This go-around at redistricting will be the first time in Massachusetts history that the public has had contact with the redistricting committee on the Internet.[69]
"I would anticipate a particularly robust process. I think there's a lot of interest in it," said Senator Richard Moore (D).[57]
Video from all 12 meetings will be available at the state website.[70]
Thirteen meetings were held. Those dates were:[71]
- March 16, 2011 at Gardner Auditorium
- March 26, 2011 at Van Sickle Middle School
- April 11, 2011 at Clark University
- May 2, 2011 at Massasoit Community College
- May 14, 2011 at Joseph Lee Elementary School
- May 16, 2011 at New Bedford Public Library
- May 31, 2011 at Greenfield Community College
- June 6, 2011 at Quincy High School
- June 11, 2011 at Pittsfield City Hall
- June 13, 2011 at Lawrence High School
- June 18, 2011 at Framingham State University
- June 20, 2011 at Lynn City Hall
- June 27, 2011 at Cape Cod Community College
Citizen activism
Push for an independent commission
Late last year, governor Deval Patrick said he would like to see lawmakers keep redistricting "at arm's length" from the politicians themselves.[72] State Senator Robert Hedlund (R) said, "We’ve seen crazy, convoluted district lines drawn. The Legislature has proven that, at times, it can’t be trusted with this process because politics has taken precedence over common sense district lines."[73] Secretary of State William Galvin (D) has been pushing for a commission to contribute to the re-drawing process -- rather than just the politicians themselves holding all of the power.[72] "Anybody who thinks it can be a nonpolitical process is ignoring history, because the members of Congress have sought to influence the process going back probably to the founding of the republic, Galvin said.[15]
However, Patrick implied it was Galvin who squashed momentum for a reform of the redistricting process. "We, working with the legislative leadership, asked the Secretary of State about a year ago if he would support an independent commission and he said, 'No,' and then a few weeks ago he said, 'Yes,' and at that point they had already started the expenditures to prepare for redistricting, working down that path. I think whatever the process, it's the outcome that has to be right," Patrick said.[74]
Massachusetts has a history of messy redistricting. Last time redistricting occurred, the presiding House Speaker -- Thomas Finneran -- ended up pleading guilty to obstruction of justice in a federal court.[75] Before that, the original term of gerrymandering initiated in Massachusetts.[76]
In 2009, the Massachusetts House of Representatives rejected a plan for an 8-member independent commission to take on the task of redistricting.[77]
January 2011 Poll
On January 12, 2011, a poll was released showing that 66 percent of Massachusetts residents support putting an independent commission in charge of redistricting. Only 23 percent of respondents said the legislature should continue to be in charge of redistricting. The survey questioned 400 adults and has a 5 percent margin of error.[78] When the poll was focused solely on respondents who view the legislature favorably, the independent commission was still supported 54 percent to 34 percent.[79] Senator Robert Hedlund plans to introduce legislation to create an independent commission.[78]
Legislation introduced
In January 2011, Republicans introduced legislation that would create an independent redistricting commission. The bill was rejected by a 34-5 vote.[80] Senator Rosenberg (D) said he does not believe there is any evidence that independent commissions draw better maps than legislative committees.[81] Senate Minority Leader Bruce Tarr (R) introduced the legislation. "Voting is one of the most fundamental rights in Massachusetts. Redistricting affects the enfranchisement of every voter in the state. ...This is not an attempt to try to alter the authority of the Legislature. This is an attempt to draw others into the process," he said.[80]
The bill would have established a seven-member commission which would be responsible for drawing the maps. Those maps would then be approved or voted down by the Massachusetts State Legislature. The independent commission was supported by Governor Deval Patrick (D), former Governor Mitt Romney (R), current Massachusetts Secretary of State William Galvin, the League of Women Voters and Common Cause.[82]
Fair Districts Mass.org
Fair Districts Mass.org was founded as a nonpartisan group that works to "establish fairly drawn congressional and legislative districts in Massachusetts." In particular, the group is focusing on a congressional district that focuses on Suffolk County. The group favors creation of a majority-minority district.[83]
The organization is led by former U.S. Senate candidate Jack E. Robinson.
In September 2011, the group submitted draft maps for the congressional, state senate, and state house districts. The maps can be viewed at right as figures 1-4.
New Democracy Coalition
The New Democracy Coalition was formed after the conclusion of last decade's redistricting process, which was filled with controversy and court decisions. Kevin Peterson, the organization's founder, said "This will be historic. Communities of color have not participated in the redistricting process at this level in the past."[84] The mission, according to the website, is:[85]
- Broaden access to the democratic and voting process for all Americans, particularly for citizens historically disconnected from the political system.
- Increase the public’s understanding of civic rights and responsibilities by way of public forums, the Internet and publications.
- Ensure that the election process is fair for all by working to expanded voter rights and opportunities, especially on Election Day.
In early March, the organization spearheaded a coalition meeting of more than 40 organizations across Massachusetts. Representative Michael Moran (D) attended the group's first meeting and insisted he will preserve minority influence in the 8th Congressional District. "What I’m committed to is making sure minority voters do not get disenfranchised," Moran said.[86] Keeping minorities as an influence would mean maintaining at least a 40 percent voting bloc.[87]
Black Empowerment for Redistricting
The Massachusetts Black Empowerment for Redistricting organization drafted proposals for the new redistricting maps. One map proposed would redraw the Jamaica Plain area outside Boston -- currently represented by state senator Sonia Chang-Diaz (D). The district will likely have to lose around 1,700 residents.[88]
In September 2011, the Coalition requested that the Department of Justice monitor the process. The Justice Department said it would consider the request, and Michael Moran (D) had no comment on the matter.[89]
Map-drawing competition
The Common Cause of Massachusetts sponsored a contest for citizens to submit their versions of redistricting maps. The competition was called Redistricting Olympics. The winning maps will be rewarded cash prizes -- $750 for the State House map, $500 for the Congressional map and $500 for the State Senate map. The deadline is August 30, 2011.[90]
Timeline
According to State representative Christopher Speranzo (D), the Congressional map will be completed before November 6, 2011.[91]
History
Massachusetts experienced a controversial redistricting process in 2001. The initial plan was released on a Friday, and given approval the following Monday, sparking a lawsuit under the Voting Rights Act.[15] Additionally, the House speaker at the time -- Thomas Finneran -- was indicted on charges of lying under oath about his role in redistricting. Finneral pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice and received probation.[92]
Currently, five of the 10 Massachusetts U.S. House of Representatives members live within a 10-mile radius of Boston. With the state losing one representative, at least one representative will likely be thrust into a district with another sitting incumbent. That has not happened in Massachusetts since 1982, when Barney Frank and Republican Margaret Heckler ran against one another after the 1980 census (Frank won).[15]
Deviation from "Ideal Districts"
| 2000 Population Deviation[93] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Office | Percentage | ||||||
| Congressional Districts | 0.29% | ||||||
| State House Districts | 9.68% | ||||||
| State Senate Districts | 9.33% | ||||||
| Under federal law, districts may vary from an 'Ideal District' by up to 10%, though the lowest number achievable is preferred. 'Ideal Districts' are computed through simple division of the number of seats for any office into the population at the time of the Census. | |||||||
Constitutional explanation
The Massachusetts Constitution provides authority to the Massachusetts General Court for redistricting in Section 2 of Article Cl.
See also
- State Legislative and Congressional Redistricting after the 2010 Census
- State-by-state redistricting procedures
External links
References
- ↑ Boston Herald "Olver to retire, easing redistrict plan decisions," October 27, 2011
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Boston Globe "Panel approves legislative redistricting maps," October 25, 2011
- ↑ WBUR "Massachusetts Pols Brace for Redistricting Battles," December 5, 2010
- ↑ Beacon Hill Roll Call "Senate approves redistricting commission," February 11, 2011
- ↑ ABC 6 "Mass. House nixes independent redistricting panel," March 2, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Mass. House nixes independent redistricting panel," March 2, 2011
- ↑ News Telegram "Redistricting panel rejected," March 2, 2011
- ↑ The Sun Chronicle "Poirier named to redistricting panel," March 16, 2011
- ↑ Gloucester Times "Cape Ann politicos to redraw districts," March 8, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Redistricting panel to begin work," March 16, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Committee holds first redistricting hearing," March 16, 2011
- ↑ WWLP 22 News "Lawmakers launch redistricting process," March 16, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Lawmakers launch Mass. redistricting process," March 16, 2011
- ↑ Belmont Citizen-Herald "Census preparing to deliver redistricting data to states," January 13, 2011
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 Boston Globe "Legislative redistricting may be a tough task," December 23, 2010
- ↑ Boston Globe "Census begins fight on districts," March 23, 2011
- ↑ Gloucester Times "Tierney optimistic that 6th District will survive redistricting," December 21, 2010
- ↑ Boston Globe "Barney Frank Says he won't retire," February 3, 2011
- ↑ Mass Live "Western Massachusetts could be target for losing a congressional seat," March 24, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "New precincts lines aid Mass. redistricting effort," July 29, 2011
- ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Massachusetts' 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting ," March 22, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Wary pols eye Census data," March 23, 2011
- ↑ Berkshire Eagle Tribune "Tsongas, Tierney confident congressional seats will survive redistricting," March 27, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Regional coalition mounts bid to preserve Sixth District," April 7, 2011
- ↑ Item Live "Tierney: Keep Lynn in Sixth District," May 18, 2011
- ↑ Lynn Journal "Lynn Chamber of Commerce Leads Effort to Keep City in Sixth Congressional District," June 7, 2011
- ↑ The Patriot Ledger "Group proposes splitting South Shore to create a mostly minority congressional district," May 12, 2011
- ↑ Eagle-Tribune "Plan would move Lawrence, Haverhill from Tsongas to Tierney district," May 13, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Group says redrawn Congressional districts would maximize ‘voter power’" May 11, 2011
- ↑ iBerkshires "Berkshire County Sends Clear Message on Redistricting," June 11, 2011
- ↑ National Journal "Bay State Scramble," January 12, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "State legislators go to D.C. to discuss redistricting process," February 20, 2011
- ↑ WCVB Boston "After Team 5 inquiry, fundraiser canceled," February 10, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Moran cancels first D.C. fund-raiser as questions raised about conflict," February 13, 2011
- ↑ Wicked Local Allston "Fending off GOP whining, Moran find unlikely support," February 8, 2011
- ↑ WBUR.org, "Legislators Sound Out Congressional Delegation About Redistricting", February 4, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Reps. Mike Capuano, Stephen Lynch visit Capitol to lobby redistrict chairmen," June 30, 2011
- ↑ Huffington Post "Mapping Massachusetts," April 1, 2011
- ↑ Salem News "Group forms to save 6th district," March 21, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "W. Mass pols: Don't take away Congressional seat," March, 26, 2011
- ↑ Mass Live "Redistricting hearing draws support for Neal, Olver," March 26, 2011
- ↑ News Telegram "Rep. McGovern wants his district left alone," April 12, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Brown: Legislature should create majority-minority district in Boston," April 27, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Scott Brown pushes minority district plan," April 28, 2011
- ↑ NECN "Broadside: Call for majority minority district in Boston," March 23, 2011
- ↑ The Hill "Reps. Lynch, Keating may face off in primary," August 18, 2011
- ↑ Dorchester Reporter "Rep. Lynch v. Rep. Keating in 2012?" August 18, 2011
- ↑ Politico "Olver's exit averts intraparty fight," October 26, 2011
- ↑ Berkshire Eagle "Berkshires may lose rural voice with Olver's retirement," October 28, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Keating to move from Quincy to Cape, due to redistricting map," November 8, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Republicans see hope in Mass. redistricting," November 9, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "New Mass. congressional map clears another hurdle," November 10, 2011
- ↑ Enterprise News "Senate OKs Congressional redistricting map that separates coastal towns," November 16, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Mass. lawmakers vote on new congressional map," November 15, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Gov. Patrick signs congressional redistricting map," November 21, 2011
- ↑ Wicked Local Randolph "Officials push for only one state rep for Randolph," January 27, 2011
- ↑ 57.0 57.1 57.2 Metrowest Daily News "Is there political gamemanship in Mass. redistricting," February 12, 2001
- ↑ Eagle Tribune "Proposal would create Latino-heavy legislative districts — and make targets out of Baddour and Finegold," June 26, 2011
- ↑ Dorchester Reporter "Redistricting chair: Dot House seats need to expand borders," August 15, 2011
- ↑ Boston Globe "Advocates seek boost in Mass. minority voter clout," October 5, 2011
- ↑ Dorchester Reporter "Residency requirement in play as House continues work on redistricting," October 4, 2011
- ↑ Mass Live "Massachusetts legislators release maps of proposed new seats for state Senate, House," October 18, 2011
- ↑ West Roxbury Patch "10th Suffolk District Swaps One West Roxbury Precinct for Roslindale Precinct in Redistricting ," October 18, 2011
- ↑ Lynnfield Patch "Jones to Represent Entire Town of Lynnfield ," October 18, 2011
- ↑ Wicked Local West Bridgewater "STATE HOUSE NEWS: Two Reps say they'll move, run in new districts rather than face colleagues," October 19, 2011
- ↑ Winchester Patch "Half of Winchester Could Get New State Senator ," October 20, 2011
- ↑ Wicked Local Winchester "Redrawn legislative map makes Lexington one House district," October 19, 2011
- ↑ Wicked Local Stoneham "Redistricting overseers planning sitdowns with delegation members," February 4, 2011
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 Wicked Local Amesbury "Moran is the state's redistricting czar," January 24, 2011
- ↑ Framingham Patch "State Held Informational Meeting on Redistricting," March 24, 2011
- ↑ Massachusetts Redistricting Calendar
- ↑ 72.0 72.1 Boston Herald "Patrick:Redistricting should be 'at arm's length'," December 6, 2010
- ↑ Wicked Local Weymoth "Redistricting games are starting, and something's got to give," January 3, 2011
- ↑ Belmont Citizen-Herald "Independent redistricting panel lacks traction on Beacon Hill," December 22, 2010
- ↑ Boston Herald "Massachusetts pols brace for redistricting battles," December 4, 2010
- ↑ The politics of Gerrymandering
- ↑ Bedford Minuteman "House okays redistricting, reorganization plans," March 6, 2009"
- ↑ 78.0 78.1 Patriot Ledger "Poll: Public favors independent panel for congressional redistricting," January 12, 2011
- ↑ Metrowest Daily News "Poll shows Massachusetts residents back independent redistricting commission," January 13, 2011
- ↑ 80.0 80.1 Wicked Local Dedham "Senate Democrats scuttle independent redistricting panel," January 21, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Mass. Senate nixes independent redistricting panel," January 20, 2011
- ↑ Wicked Local "Beacon Hill Roll Call: How did you legislator vote?" January 21, 2011
- ↑ [Email submission to Ballotpedia, September 7, 2011]
- ↑ Boston Globe "Activists eye redistricting map that preserves black voting blocs," March 2, 2011
- ↑ New Democracy Coalition Website
- ↑ Boston Globe "Seeking a better way to draw US House lines," March 1, 2011
- ↑ Boston Herald "Rep:Minorities will keep clout in redistricting," March 1, 2011
- ↑ Jamaica Plain Gazette "Group wants 2nd Suffolk changes," August 12, 2011
- ↑ WBUR "Group Seeks Federal Oversight Of Redistricting," September 2, 2011
- ↑ Common Cause "Redistricting Olympics"
- ↑ Berkshire Eagle "Redistricting will be done by November," March 24, 2011
- ↑ Patriot Ledger "Redistricting starts with a fight as big changes expect," December 17, 2010
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, “Redistricting 2000 Population Deviation Table”, accessed February 1, 2011
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